البيئة و أثرها على الإنسان من خلال كتاب عيون الأنباء في طبقات الأطباء لابن أبي اصيبعة ت 668 ه 1269 م

الملخص EN

Throughout the review of this topic (the environment fits effect on man in u yoon al-anbaa fi tabaqaat al-atibaa by ibn abi-usaybia) it has become clear that : -Bin abi usaybia is considered one of the aged damascun physicians' .he discovered from a deep-rooted medical family where most of its members worked in medicine and through this deep-rooted job served the ayyubi rulers in belad esh-sham and Egypt that he worked in its Nazarene hospital.

-he was not only skillful in medicine rather he was knowledge in other branches of science like history literature and poetry.

He is aware of the products of the scientists of his time which sharpened his scientific talent especially in medicine.

He refined his information that his publications become reliable solid and unique.

-bin abi usaybia was caught by the elements of the environment which included in his book (u yoon al-anbaa fi tabaqaat al-atibaa) where he clarified the effect of air on mans health and power and his need for pure air in addition to the role of air in keeping the important foods for man as well as its effect on the establishment and the growing up of the Islamic civilization or he cited examples of this such as al-anbaar city which was chosen by the caliph abi-al-abbas al-safaah instead of hashimiyat al-kufa because of the formers pure healthy air after being left due to its impure air.

-he stated the effect of air on mans health citing evidence from the Abbasid history.

-he mentioned the benefits of the sun describing it as one of the miracles of almighty good and also it beams which enter the houses causing warmth.

-he cited the scientist's opinions about the importance of the sun in finding suitable environment and stated that the non-existence of the sun means the end of life.

-He confirmed the harmful effects of the sun especially when exposed to continuously clarifying that the heat of the sun would make man lose his temper citing texts and tales from the Abbasid history.

-he also showed the effect of water which represents the vein of life whether the seas or rivers on the human beings animals or plants and its effects on the rise of the civilization in addition to its effect in healing from illnesses especially river waters -he clarified that the over irrigation would damage the plantations and decrease the fruits.

-he illuminated the importance of the mountains for the human being whether being used as a shelter meadow or a place for picking fire wood he also stated the benefit of laurel leaves in causing mans happiness.

-he asserted that the clouds are one of the miracles of almighty god to build the planet earth because of the rain that they carry to enliven the earth sometimes the rain represents misfortune and plague citing the incident of prophets (pbuh) prayer of rain on the other hand rain sometimes causes damage as a result of the floods.

-he confirmed that physicians linked healing the human being with the movement of the stars and also asserted that some physicians relied on astrology and sometimes they relied on foretelling and cited the incidence of the ayyubi era.

-he referred to the moon and showed that people linked their cure and the treatment of some illnesses to the changes in the phases of the moon citing a text by al-tabbary concerning the change in the phases of the moon and their relation to the treatment -he referred to the importance of the latitude and the longitude in navigation and the movement of the planets in these longitudes and latitudes which has an effect on changing people's tempers and moods and in medicines and foods.