الجملة عند ابن هشام : دراسة مقارنة مع مبادئ نظرية تشومسكي اللغوية

الملخص EN

IbnHisham is considered the first linguistic scholar who wrote about the sentence in independent chapter in his book “ Mugni Al-labeeb” and he started his book “AlerabaanGawaid El-erab” by talking about the sentence and its rules.

IbnHisham discussion, in these two books, shows his feeling about the importance of the sentence and his realization that the grammar study should start from the sentence .

The researcher, in this study, shed the light on the sentence by comparing IbnHisham’s ideas about the sentence to Chomsky theory about the sentence .

The study reached to many results and following results are the most important results: 1- IbnHisham has reached, before many years ago, to the concept of what called “Kernel sentence” by transformational grammariansand named it “minimal sentence”.

The components of this sentence are: verb, doer, subject and predict 2- IbnHisham has many criteria for dividing the sentence such as annexation (addition) and the original “sentence .” 3- Grammar “syntax” is not limited to the horizontal surficial line of the structure but includes phonetic, morphological, syntactical level.

4- IbnHisham was pioneer in this field and preceded the transformational grammarians IbnHisham has reached to the followings: A- The analysis of the sentence and structure depends on the following components: I.

Form and meaning, linguistic context role and phonetic performance determine the linguistic factors of the structure II.Consideration of the hidden originals “AlusoulAlmugadarah” in analyzing the sentence; the form is not enough.

This dual criteria is the same criteria used the generational transformational theory; surface structure and deep structure B.Every language consists of limited group of sounds and symbols for writing and generates unlimited sentences.