تقويم أولي لأداء بعض طرز الشعير (Hordeum vulgar L.)‎ في نظم الزراعة الجافة

الملخص EN

A field experiment was carried out at ACSAD-Izra’a Research Station (ACSAD), during the growing season 2006-007, in order to evaluate the response of some ACSAD promising lines and varieties of barley to water-limited conditions, and determine the morph-physiological and yield-related traits that are associated with the capacity of the investigated genotypes to withstand water scarcity conditions and maintaining the crop production capacity.

The experiment was designed according to the randomized complete block design ( RCBD), with three replications.

Statistical analysis results revealed significant differences in plant height and peduncle length.

It was found that the final plant height was determined mainly by the peduncle.

There was a negative correlation between the peduncle length and the flag leaf area (r = -0.34), and the number of grains per plant (r = - 0.67).

This was proposed to be mainly due to the synchronous formation of these three components, which may lead to the competition among them for the limited amount of photo-assimilates.

Genotypes showed significant variation in the flag leaf area, and the sustaining of the flag leaf elongation and green staying of flag leaf was negatively correlated with the number and weight of grains per plant.

Significant positive correlation occurred between the fertile tillers and the tillering capacity of the genotype (r = 0.93**).

Fertile tillers played an important compensatory role in maintaining barley grain yield, via the enhancement of grain number per plant under water deficit conditions.

Significant negative correlation occurred between the 1000-kernel weight and both the ratio of fertile to total number of tillers (r = - 0.64** ) and number of grains per plant (r = 0.61**) due to reduction of source size and its photosynthetic capacity.

Barley genotypes, such as Acsad60, Acsad1602, Acsad1630, Acsad68, Acsad1520 Acsad1570 are classified as promising drought-tolerant types, and might be used as parents in the genetic improvement program for drought stress tolerance when they show the same performance across the years and sites.