دور المراعي الطبيعية في حفظ و إغناء التنوع الحيوي النباتي في المناطق الجافة العربية

الملخص EN

The total area of the Arab World is about 1-1 million Km.

It includes a wide biodiversity vvhieh is affected by the location of the Arab world at the intersection of four large biogeographically regions : - The Mediterranean.

Iraman-turanian.

Saharo-arabian and sudation phytoregions Different species acclimatized with the prevailing ecological conditions have distinct characters With the beginning of the recent century and the increase of the population, growing demand on food concentrated on animal products, many species sillier from over exploitation and deterioration.

Humans altered pastoral zones for many reasons, bad management, labor of the marginal / ones, cutting trees, and over grazing which causes the extinction of many important pastoral species such as Acacia sp.

Onobrychis sp.

Agropyron sp..

Slip sp Sololá sp and the abuiuiar.ee of other less important species such as Alhagi mourorni.

Noaea niucronata (Overgrazing of range lands was the most important cause of ‘biodiversity decrease, especially the important sole of the vegetation of the range lands in the environmental system This deterioration effects the quality and composition ('I the range lands vegetation which decreases gradually in its botanical composition loom the climax to the plants (if bottom, especially with the intensification of this grazing for long periods and consecutive seasons In view to stop this deterioration, and conserve the biodiversity of these station.

We propose the following methods - Organize the exploitation of the natural range lands - Increase and improve fodder resources produced outside the pasture - Application of integrality between irrigated, ram and pastoral zones - Rehabilitation of natural vegetal covert reserves).

- Rain water harvesting and distribution.

- Intension and guiding.

- Support the- technical staff responsible for the improvement of the natural range lands in the Arab countries