الكفاية الحرارية وعلاقتها بزراعة و إنتاج محصولي القمح و الرز في العراق

الملخص EN

Human, since the ancient times, realized the effect of temperature, from season to another, on all the aspects of life, one of these aspects is the agricultural activity, so, the division of the crops in winter and summer crops refers to his acquaintance with the relation between the crop's type and it's cultivation time, in addition the temperature values and the Sufficiency of these values are of the main elements of the special distribution of the agricultural crops on the earth.

Studying the real values of temperature and their effects on the agricultural conditions in Iraq, did not get the necessary attention and searching, so this study is to shed lights on an important aspect of temperature which is Sufficiency and it's effect on the cultivation of wheat and rice in Iraq, first because they are strategic crops, and second because improving them is a method of achieving the autarky which results in supporting the agricultural planning and the economic independence.

Temperature sufficiency's values varied in Iraq from one area to another, they decrease in winter and increase in summer, they decreased gradually if we directed to the north of the study area coincidencely with the temperature graduation of Iraq surface's nature.

The study shows the degree of the variety of the temperature sufficiency during the stages of these two crops growth , as well as the clear variety or differences among the crops requirements for the temperature sufficiency comparing with the current temperature sufficiency of each climatic station in the study area during the months that represent that stage the study finds that there is a significant difference of he temperature sufficiency requirements; (the minimum, the maximum and the optimum) for each crop during each stage of growth comparing with it's needs for the three temperature requirements for the same stage.