تحليل جغرافي للعلاقة المكانية بين خصائص الأمطار و إنتاجية و إنتاج محصول القمح في الدول العربية المتأثرة بنظام مناخ البحر المتوسط

الملخص EN

The rain in the Arab world one of the most important climate that have elements of the large influential role in the cultivation and production of various field crops especially grain crops, which is the wheat crop in the forefront, and in spite of scientific development and technological witnessed in most Arab countries, but the field crop production in general and wheat In particular, it is subject to fluctuations according to the fluctuation of rainfall amounts, especially in countries that fall under the influence of rain Mediterranean system.

The importance of research here to focus on the rain element to the fact that most of the factors affecting the production of winter wheat crop is more stable than rain, nature of the surface and the soil type and temperature, as well as human factors do not change or fluctuate in time and space at the same speed that fluctuate the rain, and that most spaces planted in the Arab world depends on rain and an area equivalent to (90.3%) of the total cultivated area compared to lands that rely on irrigation to water rivers and springs, which amounts to (9.7% , so these lands be subject to fluctuations in the area and productivity from year to year at the same time to Atzera mostly only once during the year, as well as large tracts of such land left Bora from year to year even recover part of fertility being can not be replanted every year, especially in countries that are rainfall winter influenced by rain Mediterranean system and on which they depend in agriculture winter crops of wheat, which is the most important Covered Arab countries vary searching variation spatially in affected productivity of wheat crop rain falling in accordance with the quantity and characteristics depending on the factors affecting it, and is the research problem here in the next Alaal (Are falling rain in the study area an influential role in the productivity of wheat in it? Is there a relationship between them? and Mabiah that relationship), so search that the characteristics of the rainfall and quantities large role on the productivity and production of wheat crop in the study area assumes that there is a relationship between them, and in order to clarify the nature of this relationship and measured the dependence in addition to the analytical approach to quantitative statistical method, as was the use of relations statistical (correlation coefficient, the coefficient of determination and coefficient of variation) of the data recorded for the countries included in the study and that have been identified in each of the (Iraq, Jordan, Syria, Lebanon, Palestine, Egypt, Tunisia, Algeria, Libya and the Maghreb) with winter rains the affected properties and quantities system rain Mediterranean, which is a percentage of the wheat production up to about 80% of field crops planted.