الموقف الفرنسي من الأزمة المصرية-العثمانية 1810-1838 م : دراسة تاريخية

الملخص EN

France had cared for the Egyption occurring which was strategic in the Arab homeland generally and in African specially.

That led her to establish political and economical relations with Egypt when the latest had become subordinate to the Automans At the end of the fifteenth century.

The research contains three themes: The first is about the French position from the Egyption - Automans relations in (1838-1810).

The second is about the results of the Automans -Egyption war and he French position from it (1838 -1833).

The third is about the independent projects in Mohammad Ali> s consideration and the French position from it (1838).

(303) students and teachers as (265 students and 38 teacher).

Conceptions scale is set about traditional and constructional teaching.

The research test composed (in final version) of (38 item).

19 item for both conceptions of traditional teaching and constructive teaching.

Some psychometrical features to the scale are shown the validity and reliability of the test is about 0.76.

The scale is applied in the second half of the academic year 2011- 2012.

the researches concludes the following results: 1- the students and teachers do have a mixture of conceptions of both traditional and constructive.

Their conceptions were toward a constructive one.

2- the conceptions of second level students were toward move traditional teaching while students of forth level were toward less traditional teaching with a statistical difference indicating that.

3- there is no statistical differences between female and male student conceptions about traditional and constructive teaching.

4- there is no statistical differences between female and male teachers' conceptions about traditional and constructive teaching.

5- there is no statistical differences between conceptions of traditional and constructive teaching among staff teaching member.

6- there is a statistical differences between the conceptions of teachers who are graduate from colleges of education to traditional teaching to the side of teaching from those who are graduated from colleges of science.

The researcher concludes some results, suggestions and recommendation.