الاتجاهات البيئية في الفكر الجغرافي العربي الإسلامي

الملخص EN

This study investigates the environmental orientation in Arabs geographical reflexion .This study aims basically to excretion what is still a live from the geographical history of Arabs, through revelation of Arabs Muslims geographic in geographic environmental studies in its two chaps: naturalness and humanities geography.

Also revealed of their scientific additions in this distinctive field if science to serve the now a days and futures studies in all it is theoretical and applicable fields.

Research problem: The problem with the study in the following questions: 1 - Is the role of Muslim Arabs in the disclosure of the nature of the spatial relationships in the impact and influence of natural and human phenomena which form of environmental trends? 2 - How the Muslim Arabs interpreted aspects of the impact and influence and position of these environmental trends? 3 - How was the position of the Arab Muslims of environmental trends? 4 - Is there a school with an attribute environmental Arab Islamic bear in trends in the environmental features of the Arab geographers Muslims ? Hypothesis Search: Suppose that there are many books of the Muslim Arab geographers carry in their ideas of environmental orientations of Arab Muslims and they adopted the first of these ideas through cultural contact between cultures, Arabic, Greek and Indian.

To conclude an independent environmental school on the basis of their Arab civil environment installed on the pillars of Islam.

Borders Search: determined temporally confined in the period from the beginning of the fourth Hijri century until the end of the sixth century AH.

The spatial boundaries include the Islamic world in that period, which extends from the Atlantic Ocean in the west to China in the east.

Structure Search: section on three axes preceded by an introduction, been in school definition of determinism and the role of Arabs and Muslims, as well as taking the ideas of Arab Muslims through the school of environmental equilibrium.

The research found several results Arabs and Muslims knew the geographical environment and they been affected with it till it became a science that deserve studying and researching with special care and notice even though there is no a specific book for environment and its divisions and systems, but they study the features of the environment within their writings and researches.

The Arabs and Muslims scientists had a pure environmental thoughts going along with probability trend of thinking according to the reconciliation between the abstract environmental objects and probability, starting from their impressions of Islam which is calling for modesty in life issues and even in thinking and ideas whether its for religion or human lives.