ابن قتيبة ومنتقدوه

الملخص EN

This research studied the views of the critics and historians of the Arabic criticism towards the issues raised by Ibn Qutaiba in his Prelude “The Poets and Poetry".

It clarified misunderstandings of his opponents and what was based on these misunderstandings such as belittling his efforts and ranking him lower than his actual rank.

The reason of that was to due to their mistakenness in understanding the difference between text and context and differentiating between what is natural and what is not natural.

The research indicated that meaning, for Ibn Qutaiba and other old critics, is what adds wonderful pictures to the terminology and what is intended to be bizarre ideas.

However, the term is the creation of the text, construction and authoring.

Ibn Qutaiba made text and context equal, and he, as claimed by his critics, did not prefer one of them over the other.

Rather he stated that good poetry is based on how good the text and the context are.

Being a poet by nature is an attribute to the poet, i.e.

every poet is an innate poet with an ability to compose poetry; it is also an attribute to the poetry.

It is an innocent spirit without any making up.

Making up poetry by poets is two types: negative attributed by poetry.

This type is manifested by using poetic license, weakness, lack of unity.

The other type is positive and it is attributed to the poets.

Ibn Qutaiba named it “culturization”.

The research studied the examples given by Ibn Qutaiba and it proved that he was correct in understanding and judging them.

He also proved the inaccuracy of his opponents and inexactness of the way on which they built their judgment.

The research concluded that Ibn Qutaiba was one of the pioneers of the Arabic Criticism who deeply understood the efforts of the previous narrators and scholars of the Arabic poetry.

He was a unique critic who discussed not the minor issues of poetry but the major ones.

He did not simply copied the ideas of his precedents but he independently discussed and criticized them