ديالكتيك الثقافة و صناعة الحقول الأدبية ك : "حتمية تكنولوجية" مقاربة سوسيو ثقافية

الملخص EN

When Raymond Williams explain the British society from the perspective of class system, he discovered that defining aggregations and social classes solely from a material perspective leads inevitably to avoid the social realities.

This is why; he started crystallizing an analysis of class or group from cultural data, on the basis of constituting a theory in cultural and symbolic representations.

In this area, Raymond Williams went beyond the closed Marxist analysis, he gave a chance for many intellectuals, who came after him, to approach the social class, and to focus either on seeing the world the way Lucien Goldmann does, or to focus on symbolic capital the way Pierre Bourdieu does.

From this perspective, the novel did not become a mechanical reflection for the birth of the bourgeois class in capitalist society, but it became a representation of conflicts between lobbyist groups against oppressed groups within a society full of struggle of symbolic capital.

And the evidence for that is what Edward Said demonstrated saying that the novel colluded with the Empire according to an expansionary movement that colonies of the 19th century had witnessed.

In this article, we will try to enrich the cultural studies by including the most important ideas produced by the cultural sociology from Williams and Bakhtin, and also the concepts laid by Pierre Bourdieu in his book “the rules of art” such as the notion of field and the notion of ‘Habitus’.

الملخص FRE

Après l’approche pertinente destinée à la société britannique par le critique Raymond Williams, plusieurs chercheurs ont constaté que le concept de classe dans la théorie marxiste est dépassé par le temps.

Et pour trouver une tache alternative, selon Williams, il faut se pencher à nouveau sur le champ des représentations développé au sein de la philosophie postkantienne et la sociologie d’anthropologie.

Cet article rejoint l’entreprise de cette tache en ouvrant une fenêtre dialectique sur la sphère dialogique développé par Mikhaïl Bakhtine dont le travail à était consacré toujours en guise des rapports entre les textes et le monde, et une deuxième fenêtre qui entreprend l’investissement des outils de recherche élaborés par Pierre Bourdieu : comme titre d’exemple Le capital symbolique, les champs culturels et l’habitus.