السومريون و حقيقة الفراتيين الأوائل

الملخص EN

Sumerian is one of the ancient people reside in southern Mesopotamia, who were able, despite the hard environment, to establish one of the ancient and authentic Civilization in the world, where that has been proved by evidences of cuneiform tablets and concrete achievements, discovered by archeologists After deciphering the symbols of cuneiform writing and discovering the Sumerian people, many Various theories attempt to study the origin of those people and their first land .

One reason of the scholars difference is due to the fact that their language is agglutinating language, does not belong to any particular language, so it is difficult to indemnify origin of those people .

In respect with the land thy came from to the south of Mesopotamia, there are some of scholars who believe that the Sumerian from the middles of Asia through Iran other scholars states that they came from Iranian mountains, Eastern North of Iraq .

The third group of scholars believe that the Sumerian came from Sind valley .

In fact, those three groups do not present clear-cut proof of their theories, forgetting the relationship of Civilization ties .

It is some thing strange that such people called Sumerian, but there is only Sumerian language .

These Various Views on Sumerian, particularly state that ignoring the existence of Sumerian lead me to write this research .

The thousand of cuneiform tablets, discovered by foreign excavations teams in Lachish and Nebur would state firmly the existence of the Sumerian people .

We believe, according to Iraq scholars view, that we have concrete evidence stating that the Sumerian are the people of these and did not come from abroad .

Moreover, the Sumerian had written on everything in their life, but not refer of their origin, that confirm they were people of this land .

In respect of the proto Epharteans, it is consider cancelled, according to the researchers carried by the Iraq researcher, Dr Fadil Abdul Wahid, of Baghdad University in his Book ( from Sumerian tables to Torah .

In my research, I use many reference Arabic and translated ones from foreign languages of them : - Introduction to ancient Civilization History by Prof Taha Baqir - Introduction to history of the ancient world, first part, by Dr Sami Said Al-Ahmed - From Sumerian tablets to Torah, by Dr Fadhil Abdul Wahid Ali .

And the translated references : - The Greatnes that was Babylon by Harry Sakis - Early Civilization-Near East by Jean Bottero And the foreign book, I use " Discovering The Royal Tombs At Ur ", by Leonard Woolly .

The research mean results are : 1- The Sumerian are the people of this land, where they did not come from abroad, as some studies stated, for they were the early people to reside in the south of Mesopotamia to establish civilized achievement the theory of proto Euphrateans does not base on concrete evidences .

2- The discovered texts of the Sumerian were not only religion texts, but were economical, administration, legal and in all life affairs, and the bi-lingual dictionaries were language dictionaries written by the Acadians and Babylonians to explain the Sumerian words, and to document the Sumerian heritage .

3- We believe, there are some scholars, particularly the westerian one, who attempt to rip this land of its Sumerian identity, without presenting clear–cut evidence of him view .