مبارك الصباح و خزعل الكعبي عوامل النجاح و تداعيات الإنهيار 1896 - 1915 م : دراسة مقارنة

الملخص EN

In a very significant period of the political formation of the Arabian Gulf, an active and effective political stance was taken by Sheikh Mubarak Al-Sabah (1S96-1915) in Kuwait and by Sheikh Khaz'al Al-Kabi (1897-1925) in Arabstan.

There was no doubt that the close friendship that connected the two leaders resembled a model of an unannounced alliance.

Such alliance was about to flourish but the external intervenuons pulled it down in its early stage.

The present study is motivated by the shared history of the two leaders; the circumstances and historical parallelism in ruling their countries, and the similarities in being exposed to external pressure.

It is contrastive in the sense it reveals how both leaders had dealt with external pressure, how that straggle affect the two Emirates; and what were the outcomes.

In particular, the study attempts to observe the progressive historical association between the two leaders Sheikh Mubarak Al-Sabah and Sheikh Khaz'al Al-Ka'bi.

and the two Emirates of Kuwait and Arabstan during in the years 1896 and 1915 .

The study highlights the political formation of Kuwait under the leadership of Sheikh Mubarak Al-Sabah where there was nonappearance of tribal struggle, which enabled stability and firm establishment of the ruling pillars of the country as an independent Emirate.

The internal affairs within Kuwait.

at that time.

charismatic ally exhibited in the character and the legitimate leadership of Sheikh Mubarak, which enjoyed a significant stability.

On the other hand.

Sheikh Khazal's did not demonstrate the same, and consequently held responsible for losing the Emirate of Arbastan.

However, one cannot deny the fact that there were some other reasons which escalated the defeat of Arbastan Emirate; much as the international political interventions; the internal power-straggle within Arabstan; and the non-desire of various tribes to accept Sheikh Khaz'al ruling.

At the same time.

Sheikh Khaz'al was preoccupied, most of his time, with the internal conflicts with the tribes.

He did not come to realize the consequences of such internal struggle until it is too late, after the World War I.

He then found himself surrendering to ‘Persia’ overtaking of Aibastan.

On the contrary.

Sheikh Mubarak refused any external interference in the internal affairs of Kuwait, except as agreed with Great Britain.

The success and the failure to defend one s territory was the imperative concern of the present study.

Our choice of the two characters of Sheikh Mubarak and Sheikh Khaz'al.

at this period in history, specifies the critical period in history for the two Emirates.

In the middle of various political difficulties, conflicts and intensed external pressure.

Sheikh Mubarak guarded and protected his country against external threat, and.

indeed, he secured his country's independence.

Sheikh Khaz'al.

on the other hand, failed to safeguard his territory, so as he did not secured his Emirate's sovereignty.