الصرة العثماني الموجهة إلى مكة المكرمة 791-974 1389-1566 م

الملخص EN

The whole countries of the Muslim World have since long given due attention to the Two Holy Grand Massjids located in ( Makkah & Madinah).

This was manifested best in the phenomenon of annual dispatching of a SURRAH (Annual charitable commodities dispatched by either Muslim rulers or prominent Muslim personalities and philanthropists for free distribution in Holy Makkah among princes, nobles, scholars and remaining members of the Makkan community, in addition to a considerable share to be allocated to pilgrims, those performing Umrah ( an Islamic ritual similar to pilgrimage), those dedicating themselves to serving and neighboring the Two Holy Masjjids and those inhabiting residential RIBATS ( charitable public residence for the poor and needy).

Furthermore, the first individual who dispatched SURRA to the Two Holy Masjids was AlMoqtadir Billah, an Abbasid Caliph, followed by other princes and Caliphs.

Before subjugating Hijaz to their ruling.the rulers of the Osmani Sultanate used to dispatch SURRAH to Holy Makkah as an attempt for seeking the pleasure, satisfaction and reward of Allah Almighty for such an action.

This study follows the news of the Osmani SURRAH from the beginning of its dispatch to Holy Makkah during the era of Bayazeed 1, an Osmani Sultan ( 791- 850H / 1389-1446AD) till the end of the era of Sulaiman AlQanouni, an Osmani Sultan ( 926-974H / 1520-1566AD).

Although the dispatch of SURRAH continued to the very end of the Osmani Sultanate, this study covers the period up to the end of Sultan Sulaiman AlQanouni' era.

However, the remaining portion of the period might be dealt with in a future study I intend to conduct hopefully.

This study is founded on the literature authorized by the Makkan historians, who were educated and trained by Fahad, and who followed Makkah news and chronicles and recorded them throughout days, months and years.

I have stated in this study the rules and regulations that governed SURRAH since the conduct of process of celebrating its official departure from Istanbul till it reaches Holy Makkah.

Likewise, the study covered the details of endowment and resources allocated by successive Caliphs for securing its continuation.

Furthermore, the study covered the customs of sending SURRAH accompanied by the organizer who should head for Holy Makkah to perform pilgrimage and must carry with him the covering (KISWAH) of KAABAH .

The organizer of the SURRAH's expedition was accompanied by both the SURRAH's clerk and secretary who collectively supervised its distribution and recorded the names of those deserving its receipt.

Furthermore, SURRAH used to be distributed at the Holy Masjid or at sites near it.

Thus, the Osmani SURRAH had achieved the objective of its dispatch- the assistance of Makkah's inhabitants, pilgrims, Umrah performers and devoting themselves to serving and neighboring Masjid to overcome the economic crisis of a barren country.

And our last call is that praise be to Allah, Lord of the universe.