النظرية الإشارية في المعنى

الملخص EN

Reference is from terms which use in many fields, such as, semantics, pragmatism, literature, and lingual of text.

It is principal in philosophy of language, and correlates with meaning, denotation and truth.

In this article we try to know what reference is.

What are types? What are reasons which make the philosophers concem it? Reference, Meaning, Denotation, Description Theories, indexicals, Frege, Russell, Kripke