آراء ابن حزم الظاهري في بعض مباحث إعلال الحديث : دراسة استقرائية وصفية

الملخص EN

Research title: Ibn Hazm Al-Dahiri’s opinions in some sections on weakening of prophetic saying: Desrcriptive and deductive study.

Researcher: Dr Hashim Ismail Ibrahim Ibn Hazm biography: His name is Ali bin Ahmad bin Said bin Hazm, Al-Dahiri, Al-Andalusi, Al-Qurtubi, Al-Yazidi, Al-Farisi, Al-Umawi.

Scholars who wrote his bibliography agreed that his surname is Ibn Hazm.

His was born in 384 H and died at the end of Shaban in 456 H.

Ibn Hazm wrote many books, the most famous are: Al-Fasl fi al-milal wa al ahwa wa al nihal, that has been published in various versions.

Another of his famous books are: Al-Ihamk fi usul al-Ahkam, and Al-Muhala fi sharh al mujala bilhujaj wa al-athar which is a book on Islamic jurisprudence and one of his most famous books.

It is found that Ibn Hazm’s opinion on weakening the prophetic saying narrated by a trustee, if the narrator is trusted, all what he/she says should be accepted.

His saying should not be rejected because of making a mistake, unless if there is a clear and strong evidence.

Moreover, he unconditionally accepts the addition of trustee whether on the text or on the chain of narrators regardless of the number and memory strength of opponents.

This opinion of Ibn Hazm is agreed upon by majority of scholars of fiqh and Usul.

However, I say that scholars of hadith do not have one single opinion about the addition of a trustee.

They look into the indicators in each saying and they decide accordingly.

With regard to his opinion on a single trustee, Ibn has unconditionally accepts it and does not consider it as a weakening reason according to scholars.

I say, unconditionally accepting a single trustee is not the method of scholars of hadith.

About the issue of connection and continuing, Ibn Hazm unconditionally prefers what a trustee connects over what he/she continues regardless of whether those who continues are larger in number or more trusted.

I say preferring what a single trustee connects is not always the method of scholars of hadith.

Ibn Hazm’s opinion on unstable hadith is that differences among trustees is not a weakening cause since he accepts all the narrations from trustees.

Scholars of hadith, on the other hand, added more details on weakening issue according to the chain of narrators and texts.

Due to the difference of Ibn Hazm in some issues related to science of hadith, he strengthened what scholars had weakened and weakened what scholars had strengthened