تطوير بحيرات و أنظمة التصرف المائي في صحراء الربع الخالي خلال 43 ألف سنة الماضية

الملخص EN

Rub Al khali basin occupies more than one-third of Saudi Arabia’s total area occupies.

It involves several forms of features varied topography that are taking latter features at the beginning of aridity during the mid- Holocene period; except what it went through subsequent changes accompanied by developments due to changes in environmental, climatic and geological conditions.

The Rub Al Khali was not as at the present time.

The intensive field work and collecting samples from different locations in the Rub Al Khali desert from Lacustrine and the subsequent analyzes of deposits, using x-ray diffraction (XRD), Carbon-14 dating, particle size analysis as well as analysis of shuttle radar topography mission (SRTM) and satellite imagery.

All of these techniques made it possible to design and reconstructed hydrological systems prevailing during the past 43,500 ka.

The results of this research have shown evidence that the Rub Al Khali was made up of shallow marine sea related to the Arabian Gulf.

It was likely related to Tertiary and Quaternary Eras.

Rub Al Khali faced during these Eras different typographic movements that necessitated change hydrological systems and turned a large group of wadi systems from the south, west and north after retreat the shallow marine sea and receding a group of adjacent lakes, which have changed in there levels; response to climate changes during 1285- 1175, 36395-35920 and 43500 years , These lakes have seen an extension and contraction for all biological forms; depending on increase virility and reverse.

That was mainly controlled by the sparkling springs and dry Shamal winds and/or Indian Ocean Monsoon systems.

It was dominant during 5ka, and it helped along the ancient drought, the establishment and growth of different patterns of sand dunes across the Rub Al khali.