دور المماليك في الصراع بين أبناء البيت الأيوبي على السلطة (589-637 ه 1193-1239 م)‎

الملخص EN

The aim of this study is to discuss the factors and reasons that enabled Mamluks, the slaves whom had been bought and brought form various regions of the World (Afghanistan, Pakistan, Uzbekistan, Tajikistan, China and other countries) unified despite their different languages and nationalities to unite and to be in high positions, then to participate in decision making and finally to seize power.

The political achievements of the AL- Ayyubid in Egypt and Great Syria were crowned by their military achievement in defeating the Crusades in Heteen Battle in 583/ 1187 which astonished the Europeans.

But disputes occurred after the death of Sultan Salah Al- Deen Al- Ayyubid when the Al- Ayyubid started fighting each other and they allowed for the Mamaleek to interfere in solving their problems.

Al- Mamluks found a chance to plot against the Ayuby home especially during the conflict between Salah Al- Deen’s sons and their grandson of Al- Malek Al- Adel.

Conspiracies made them reach the power, appointing whoever they want and intriguing against who opposed them.

This high position in the power was demonstrated by what happened between the two brothers, Al- Saleh Najm Al- Deen Ayob and Al- Adel Al- Thany, which is led ultimately to Mamluks’ reigned after vanishing the Ayuby state.