ثورة العشرين في العراق : عوامل الانطلاق و مظاهر السخط الجماهيري

الملخص EN

The Ottoman occupation to Iraq for about four decades has left the country ignorant, poor, and chaotic.

There was resentment against its rulers without any tendency toward advancement.

The Ottoman state control on Iraq has led to destruct the agricultural production in the country because of its tyranny in imposing high taxes and the policy of direct stealing so that there was not any ability to make an independent economy.

The feudal were usurers and tax collectors at the same time; they dominated the economy of Iraqi village according to their desires completely as well as hindering the development of commerce, crafts, and industries because of the huge fortunes that were stolen from Iraq in the form of various taxes.

The outrageous exploitation of labors and the exhausting hard work of craftsmen caused distress and famine to city population.

They lived in very hard and unhygienic conditions.

The health services were almost not available and the hygienic concentrations were in Fao and Basrah.

The holy shrines and some other centers are not efficient and they had viciousness of intent.

The system of few schools seldom outmatched private instructors; moreover, the teaching was in the Turkish language.

The bad condition of all economic, politic, social, cultural, health aspects make Iraqis look forward to a better situation and other system that puts an end to the tyranny of Ottoman rule and opens the way for a stage of progress, but the British occupation to Iraq since 1914 and its oppression to rights and attempt to divide the country have made Iraqis in a real test of awareness and will that was represented in the Twentieth Revolution