شروط و أحكام صلاة السفر

الملخص EN

The idea of making prayers short came out of the results of fatigue and preoccupations, followed by physical and mental fatigue, as the wisdom of God wanted it achieved, so that the duty shall be executed without any shortening.

The imams mentioned five conditions related to prayers in travel: 1-Type of travel, 2- Distance 3- The intention to cross the distance 4- Conditions of travel not making the concerned tired.

5- Exceed the constructions of the city.

Travel is of three types: 1- As obedience 2- Permissible 3- As of sin.

Travel of obedience is divided into two parts: A- One of obligation, B- Optional In which kind of these two parts shall prayers of travelling be executed? The scholars differed as follows: First school: The first condition put is that travel shall be for Jihad or Hajj, narrated by Ibn Massoud Second school: The travel shall be an obligation, narrated by Ibn Massoud in another section.

Third school: The travel shall not be one of disobedience, adopted by the majority.

Fourth school: Provided that travel shall be of obedience, narrated by Atta Ibn Abi Rabah.

Fifth school: No preconditions set in this doctrine in terms of any type of travel, as adopted by Abo Hanifa, Ezzahiriya, and more with Zaydia and Mazni of the Shafie school.

Conditions set by prayers of traveler: First: Shortening of prayers: To summarize four kneeling prayers to two kneeling, as did the prophet Mohamed (PBUH).

Conditions of shortening prayers: Schools differed in its legality, as it is a Sunna or an obligation: 1-Hannafi school: Shortening of prayers is an obligation.

2-Malliki school: Shortening of prayers is a confirmed Sunna.

3-Shafie school : The traveler is allowed to cut short prayers even in short distance, as he is allowed to complete without any difference.

4-Hanbali school : Shortening of prayers is allowed.

To combine between two prayers: Scholars agreed that it is a Sunna.

It is clear through this research that Islam makes piteous life flexible and easy for believers, as shown in shortening of prayers, as a Sunna, to push away the fatigue and hardship of travel, because of the hindrances in travel.