إكثار نخيل التمر Phoenix dactylifer L. صنف الحلاوي خارج الجسم الحي

الملخص EN

This study was conducted at the Date palm research center University of Basra.

The study depended on propagation date palm cultivar Hillawi through somatic embryos and adventious buds from callus.

The nutrient media are described at each stage of growth and the effect of cultured explants is MS and the date of culture were studied.

The results showed that the date palm of culture played a great role developing the explants.

The explants that were cultured in January and march showed positive effects leading to a significant decrease in the percentage of the contamination which reached 5 and 10% and percentage browning which was 5 and 0% respectively, whereas significantly increased in the percentage of callus induction which was 25% and 15% respectively.

The date of June showed the highest contamination and browning that reached 40 and 25% respectively.

No callus induction occurred at all from the culture explants June.

The apical caused a decrease in the percentages of contamination and browning that were 10% and 5% respectively.

Leaf primordia's showed the highest percentage of contamination and browning and less percentage of callus induction which was 30, 35 and 5%.

No difference in callus development from apical buds, auxiliary buds and leaf primordia's was observed as far as the required time to its development, the nature of growth when transmitted to other media containing 5% mg.L-1 NAA.

The somatic embryos were germinated in a medium containing 0.1 mg.L-1 NAA.

When the callus was transformed to a medium containing 2 to 3 mg.L-1 BA and 1to 2 mg.L-1 NAA by lowering MS concentration to the half, the callus depended to adventious buds that prolonged in a media containing 60 mg.L-1 of adenine sulphates without any growth regulators.

These buds was rooted in a medium containing 0.1 mg.L-1 NAA.

The plantlets that resulted from the somatic embryos significantly increased than those that resulted from adventious buds when they were acclimatized to the outer conditions.

The results were 40 and 10% respectively.