تأثير استخدام طرق و فاصلة الري و التغطية لسطح التربة في بعض خصائص التربة و إنتاجية نخيل التمر Phoenix dactylifera L. جنوب محافظة البصرة : المحتوى الرطوبي و التوزيع الملحي في قطاع التربة

الملخص EN

The study was conducted in an agricultural field which located at the AbuAl-Khaseeb /20 Km south of Basra City during the seasonal growth 2013 and 2014 on a land area about one hectare, in order to study the effect of method and interval irrigation and mulching soil surface in some physical and chemical properties of the soil and production of date palm Phoenix dactylifera L.

Hillawi c.

v.

The results showed that the addition of irrigation water by the irrigation methods (D, DS, S) increase the moisture content significantly for different depths of soil compared with traditional irrigation treatment (tidal).

Surface irrigation treatment shows higher values in the moisture content, followed by treatment of irrigation alternately then treated drip irrigation, irrigation with treated showed tidal lowest values.

The irrigation methods (drip, dripsurface, surface) increased in moisture content values with lack of a period irrigation, especially when the interval 4 day.

Moisture content of the irrigation methods treatments increased significantly values morally using coverage, particularly nylon.

The moisture content values increase significantly with depth for all experimental treatments, and she took to decline at the end of the first season and the second compared to the first season.

The use of irrigation methods (drip, drip-surface, surface) decreased the electrical conductivity values on different depths of soil compared with traditional irrigation treatment (tidal), which maintained a significant increase in the electrical conductivity values, especially in (0-30 ,30-60 ,) cm depth, followed by treatment of drip irrigation and surface irrigation, The rotation treatment DS showed high efficiency in salts washing rate in all depths and recorded the lowest values in the electrical conductivity .The results showed that the using of mulching, especially nylon contributed significantly in reducing the electrical conductivity values, and that the exposed treatment showed higher values, as the results showed that the using of long interval increase in the electrical conductivity values .Other than increase the electrical conductivity values of the surface depth of all treatments and it decreased significantly at both ends of the first and second seasons, compared with the beginning of the experiment except for the treatment of tidal which remained conservative values until the end of the experiment.