أثر النمو السكاني و التوسع الحضري في تغيير الخصائص الشكلية للقنوات الداخلية في مدينة البصرة

الملخص EN

With population growth and urbanization in the city of Basrah, the lengths shrank water channels under of this study (Channel of Maqal, the Jubaila, Rabat, Al-Khandeq, Al-Ashaar, and Al-Khawra).

The present research has been found that water channels represent an important catalyst for development Basrah since that the channel system is a unique landmark for the city.

It also has an aesthetic value and an important function which should take into account in modern development as well as highlight the importance of channels in the historical development of Basrah Governorate.

Moreover, it was the spatial expansion of the city due to population growth which recorded a significant increase from 452,102 people in 1977 to 947989 in 2008 while in 1947 (101535) people.

Another reason is the random housing shares and increases the national factories, workshops, and shops of all kinds with a clear effect in the process of spatial expansion at the expense of Subchannel filling and land them at the ends of the channels which affected the nature of the water map.

This given internal channels have undergone changes in their longitudinal sections due to continuous random fill due to population growth and the spatial expansion of the city that resulting in shrinking the lengths of those channels in end positions for the river network.

When comparing length sections of internal channels under this study between 1973 and 2007, there is a decline in longitudinal sections from endpoints due to landfill which reached 500 meters for the channel Jubaila, 2500 meters to the channel of Maqal, 1250 meters to the channel Rabat, 1000 meters to the Al-Khandeq channel, 1010 meters to the Al-Ashaar channel and 1,400 meters to Al-Khawra canal which has reduced its efficiency or its discharge capacity water and contaminants.