إشكالية التناقض بين الريع النفطي و التنمية المستدامة في العراق

الملخص EN

Abstract Iraqi economy was, and still is, suffering from many permanent developmental problems.

And though a lot of problems were diagnosed so far, the governing authorities failed to solve them.

Some of these problems became rooted and more complicated.

The prevailing thought since the mid 1950s of the last century was that oil income , and the huge financial resources , will facilitate accomplishing a unique economical and social process , with the hope of reaching sustainable natural resources , and arriving at a good living level for individuals , whether present or future generations.

Unfortunately, the practical results of development in Iraq have not yet achieved any success in this field.

Thus, a number of questions can be raised.

Is what many researchers described developing countries, whose economy is mainly based on oil, as the curse of resources true? Does this curse apply to Iraqi economy? Is it true that many developing countries got the Dutch disease? Is there indeed any contradiction between the availability of resources coming from exporting oil and sustainable development in Iraq? how did this happen? Is there any contradiction between democracy and the availability of financial resources of the governments, which makes them dictators? Dose this all apply to Iraqi successive governments? Then, why didn't the effect of oil extraction expand to other economic sectors? Additionally, what about the oil policy of the present government (2014), which as known as oil production licences? Is it an oil policy which leads to repairing and improving the defect in the Iraqi economy? Is the desired aim "increasing the oil production and financial resources" or "achieving high rates of development so as to reach sustainable development? Is our current problem the low production of raw oil extracted, or how to establish oil industries, that are both complete and entangled with other productive sectors? All the points raised above form the aim and objectives of the current study.