التعايش السلمي للأديان في العصور الإسلامية الوسطى و حاجتنا في الاقتداء بهم في الوقت المعاصر

الملخص EN

The coexistence is the fundamental principle for the unity of the nations regardless of the differences of the religion backgrounds, school of thoughts (Madhahib) and ethnicity.

The value of coexistence further appears when it is realized that the occurrence of discriminations and hostility are all due to the discriminations that occur on the basis of religion and ethnicity as well as intolerance, as these are the main causes of the conflicts and destructions inside the communities.

Without the coexistence, it is difficult for individuals from different religious backgrounds, and nationalities to live peacefully under the same roof, under the principles of the same country.

And since all the internal conflicts and the civil wars that are occurring in Iraq, Syria and other Middle Eastern countries are as a result of the collapse of the national unity, the absence of religious tolerance, and perpetuating domestic violence rather than tolerating and accepting others.

If we look back at the past we can see how people from different religion and ethnicity backgrounds had lived together peacefully during the Islamic era at the time of the prophet Muhammad (PBUH) and its rashidun caliphate (41-1 AH), the Umayyad caliphate (41-132 AH), and later the Abbasid Caliphate (132-656 AH).

This is why this paper’s title is about (the peaceful coexistence of nations from different ethnic group and religious backgrounds during the Islamic era and the necessity to keeping it.

)Certain examples are used taken from the era of the prophet Muhammad (PBUH) and its followers to illustrate the importance of the topic of coexistence and how it can be kept.