دراسة بعض الآليات الفيزيولوجية التي قد تسهم في تحسين قدرة نبات القمح على تحمل الإجهاد المائي

الملخص EN

Traditional plant breeding attempts have changed since the start of the selection process by using morphological characteristics, as conventional breeding takes a lot of time and doesn,t provide a lot of genetic differences.

A good understanding of anatomy, morphological and physiological basis of resistance to water stress can be used for the selection or development of new varieties that have a better production ability in conditions of water stress.

This study was conducted on a group of wheat varieties sensitive and tolerant to water stress and planted in the first (Jellin Research Center) and second zones (Izraa Research Station) in the southern part of Syria, for two consecutive seasons (2009 /2010 and 2010/ 2011).

The study showed a decrease in all physiological traits (chlorophyll content, membrane stability index, relative water content and chlorophyll fluorescence) at vegetative and anthesis stage and productivity traits in the second zone compared to the first zone in the two seasons.

Water stress tolerant variety (Cham5) was superior in all the physiological and productivity traits in conditions of water deficit.

This study showed the importance of physiological traits and the possibility of their use for screening and selection to improve varieties resistant to water stress.