القول العميم في مسائل حديث : عمر بن الخطاب و هشام بن حكيم رضي الله عنهما

الملخص EN

This research discusses the argument between Omar ibn AlKhattab and Hisham bin Hakeem- May Allah be pleased with them- in particular.

In addition, it represents an extensive study to cover all the aspects of this issue.

First, the differences in the Modes of Recitation (i.e., causes, time of its occurrence, and its relationship to the license of the Seven Ahruf or the seven dialects of the Arab tribes).

Second, the Seven Ahruf license (i.e., its treatment to this issue, causes, time, survival, impact and meaning).

Finally, collecting the rules, guidelines, subtleties and benefits of the Hadith.

This study followed an easy and approximate method through using an analytical and deductive approach.

The discussion was based on the former Islamic scholars along with serious scientific analysis and discussions.

This research study has resulted in some findings.

First, the companions (may Allah be pleased with them) were concerned about setting the multiple dialects and transferring them as they were received from Prophet Muhammad (PBUH).

Although the Muslim Ummah is not obligated to recite the Holy Quran by all the seven dialects, they can choose one of them.

All the proved seven dialects are part of the Quran, and they should be accepted and are valid to use in worship.

Second, the argument between Omar bin Al-Khattab and Hisham bin Hakeem (may Allah be pleased with them) was not about different languages, since they speak one language.

However, it was about the differences between the Modes of Recitation which vary in term of verbs’ conjugation, parsing, etc.

Third, the Seven Ahruf appeared after the Hijrah of Prophet Muhammad, and the Quran was revealed in one dialect of Quarish tongue during the Makkah era; then, the mitigation appeared after the Hijrah due to the large number of the new converts of Islam.

Forth, the Holy Quran was written during Caliph Othman era (May Allah be pleased with him) in one dialect, and it was open for more than one approved dialect.

Fifth, the preponderant opinion of what is meant by the seven dialects is that they are seven different ways of Quranic recitation of the Quranic words which are various in recitation, performance and linguistic manifestation.

Moreover, they are not opposing in meaning or intention and are revealed as part of the Holy Quran.