بناء مقياس للاستقواء لطلبة الصفوف الأساسية العليا في الأردن باستخدام نموذج سلم التقدير

الملخص EN

The study aimed at Constructing Bullying Scale for Higher Basic Students Classes in Jordan using Rating Scale Model )Polytomous Item Response Theory Models(.

The sample of the study consisted of )2862( male and female students from the higher basic grades in Jordan.The sample of the study and scale items were verified using the Rating Scale Model, and the assumptions of Item Response Theory were also