La libéralisation financière, réformes bancaires et le financement de l’économie : cas de l’Algérie comparé au Maghreb et la région M.E.N.A

الملخص EN

The process of liberalizing services requires the establishment of the institutional foundations of reform, a coherent strategy that maximizes profits and minimizes the costs of adjustment.

These foundations include: good knowledge of the existing trade regime, establishment of the government process for trade negotiations and institution building to manage the liberalization process.

In our article, we will address the service sector, which creates the greatest added value in developed countries, by its complicity, does not require a simple reference as is the case for goods.

Policymakers must review each regulation to determine whether it impedes market access or discriminates against foreign companies.

Establishing a government process for designing a trade policy is also a difficult and complicated task because each service sector has its own ministry of oversight or oversight.

For public services, which are in most cases state monopolies an initial process must be put in place to prepare the ground for their liberalization.Pinheiro (2000) explains that poor programming of reforms is the cause of the poor results of the regulatory system in Latin America.

The effectiveness of the regulations and the competition will largely determine trade gains and their distribution among different groups of companies (Alexandre and Estache 1999).

Ineffective regulation and competition will drive up profits without lowering prices.Successful liberalization requires macroeconomic stability, structural reforms, the regulation of the banking system and the implementation of an effective prudential regulation.

We studied also in our paper, the banking system of Algeria and we compare it with other regional banking systems , as Morocco, Tunisia and with other countries of the Middle East and the North of Africa.