دراسة تأثير التفوق، و قوة الهجين و التدهور الناتج عن التربية الذاتية في بعض مؤشرات الإنتاجية في البندورة (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.)‎

الملخص EN

The research was carried out at the Center of Agricultural Research in AL Qunaytirah, General Commission for Scientific Agricultural Research, during three growing seasons (2008, 2009 and 2010) using four parental genotypes (Sahelee12, Orient, Saintpierr and Cherry).

The experiment was done by the randomized complete block design in four replications and based on the Scaling Test to analyze the components of generation means.

The aim of the research was to determine the effect of behavioral genetics and heterosis in first filial (F1) and inbreeding regression in filial (F2) of some yield indicators (yield per plant, number of cluster per plant, number of fruits per cluster, average weight of fruit) in green house tomatoes.

In the experiments chiasmata parents was designed by half-diallel crossing scheme 4x4; to obtain F1 for all crosses, then get from all of them the F2, F3, BC1 and BC2 generations.

The results showed significant differences between the clans of each hybrid in the four indicators studied, except 1): the populations of two hybrids (Orient x Cherry) in the number of cluster per plant character, and 2): the weight of fruit character for the (Sahelee12 x Orient) which showed no significant differences.

The hybrid (Orient × Cherry) gave the highest significant values of heterosis in yield per plant (93.36 %), while the (Sahelee12 × Orient) showed the highest values of heterosis in the number of cluster per plant (37.04 %) and the (Sahelee12 × Saintpierr) in number of fruits per cluster (40.19 %).

whereas the hybrid (Orient × Saintpierr) showed highest values of heterosis for average weight of fruit (38.43 %) towards big fruit.

The study demonstrated a significant inbreeding deterioration in the second generation, compatible with the direction of heterosis in most crosses for all studied traits, the proportion of regression ranged from simple, to medium and strong.

Reaction genotype analysis of generation means revealed the contribution of the three genotype effects, additive in the hybrid (Orient x Saintpierr), dominance in the hybrid) Sahelee12 x Orient( and epistasis in the hybrid (Sahelee12 x Cherry) in inheriting yield indicators.