تحليل جغرافي لأثر البطالة في مؤشرات التنمية البشرية في العراق للمدة 1977-2012

الملخص EN

Unemployment is the most important phenomenon of the problems experienced by most countries in the world in general and Iraq in particular, and perhaps Ahec causes high population growth rates, as it was for the period between 19977-2012 (3%) to (2.8%).

As well as the decline in the proportion of the rural population compared with the urban population.

This is in addition to increasing urbanization and immigration.

The unemployment rate varied in Iraq for the period 1977-2012 as it was in 1977 (3.2%) rose to 11.1% in 2012.

The highest rate was recorded unemployment in Iraq, according to the provinces in Wasit and Muthanna, Nineveh and Basra, Baghdad, Maysan and Dhi Qar, amounting respectively (13%, 13.3%, 14.6%, 14.7%, 15%, 15.3%, 18%).

The lowest unemployment rate was recorded in Kirkuk, Karbala and Kurdistan region, Babil and Salaheddin, Qadisiyah province, amounting respectively (4.9%, 7.4%, 7.7%, 8.4%, 8.7%, 9.3%).

As for the human development indicators in Iraq there was a clear divergence in the indicators in Iraq as varied enrollment in primary, middle and junior high schools ratios for the period 1990-2012, with total enrollment for the academic year 1990-1991 and respectively (89.9% 0.90% 0.50% ) fell in the academic year 2011-2012 to reach (87.6%, 52.2%, 28.0%), respectively.

The health indicators have also varied, with acquired Baghdad governorate ranked first in availability.

The rest of the provinces were characterized by low these indicators.

The poverty rate has varied in Iraq during the period 2007-2012 as it was in 2007 (22.9%) either in 2012 amounted to 18.9%.

As evidence of these indicators has excelled as well as the contrast between the provinces of the country, reaching the highest level to guide the life expectancy in the province of Baghdad (0.811) and reached its lowest level (0.740) in the province of Diyala.

The education guide highest level recorded in the Kurdistan region and was (0.680) and the lowest level reached (0.530) in Missan .ufema province for per capita gross domestic product was the highest level recorded in the province of Kurdistan and was (0.777) and the lowest level him in the province of Maysan, Muthanna, was (0.613, 0.619), respectively.

There was a clear impact of unemployment on the human development process in the country, with the unemployment rate rose whenever it led to a decline in the human development indicators of education, health and income.