العوامل المؤثرة في هجرة المصريين غير الشرعية إلى أوروبا : دراسة في الجغرافيا البشرية

الملخص EN

This study examines the factors that led to Egyptian illegal migration to Europe through analyzing these factors on the global, regional, national and emigrant scales.

It used data obtained from researcher's field study carried out in 2015 on the areas of origin, in addition to multiple official government data.

The study revealed that there is somewhat balance between push and pull forces that led to Egyptian illegal migration to Europe; and there is also an effect for personal factors.

Generally, the phenomenon was influenced by many factors such as economic, social, political, demographic, assistant and personal factors; and there were variations among these factors in affecting the phenomenon.

The economic factors (the factors that associated with world economy evolution, the decline of Egyptian economy, and the decline of citizen economic level) and social factors played the biggest role in the emigration.

Rare in job opportunities, low level of wages, high cost of living and the desire in improving income in areas of origin as opposed to abundance in job opportunities and high level of wages in Europe were the most important economic factors that affected youth decision of emigration.

Friendship and kinship ties were the most important social factors.

Moreover, the study revealed that high unemployment rates among those who have intermediate and university degrees was one of the most important causes of their high rates of emigration; and personal factors (emigrant social and personal characteristics, and his experience of migration) supported youth decision of illegal migration particularly in coastal areas