التطور العمراني لمدينة حلب في العصور الإسلامية

الملخص EN

Aleppo city is considered as one of the ancient cities in history if not one of the most ancient cities incomparable to any other city or place in its ancient history.

This original city gained the care and interest of the Arab Muslim historians, at the head of whom was the historian Ibn Al-Adeem Kamaladdin Omer bin Ahmed (died 660AH / 1261AD) who wrote an important book on Aleppo's history under the title (Zubdat Al-Halb min Tareekh Halab), Ibn Shaddad Mohammed bin Ali Al-Halabi (died 684AH / 1285AD) the author of the book (Al-Aalaq Al-Khateera fi Thikri Umaraa Al-Sham wal Jazeera) who dedicated the first part of it in mentioning Aleppo city, its architecture, schools, baths, rivers and mosques, in which he relied on Ibn Al-Aadeem, Ibn Aasaker and others, Ibn Al-Shuhna (died 1046AH/1636AD) who composed a book under the title (Al-Dur Al-Muntakhab fi Tareekh Mamlakat Halab) and others.

Among the orientalist researcher was the French orientalist Jean Sofage who wrote an article about Aleppo in the office of Islamic Knowledge due to the significant role it played in history, the historical events it saw through the ages and the architectural developments it conserved their first lines and features since the third millennium B.C., while many city centers, kingdoms and metropolises well-known in the ancient world vanished.

Yet, Aleppo remained perseverant as a witness on a history deep-rooted in ancientness and a connecting link among the civilizations, several periods and cultural and technical elements that scarcely existed in any place in the world, for its castle known with its name is an ancient feature among Syria's features and its schools are scientific establishments to which the seekers of science and knowledge resort from all over the world at the Ayubite and Mameluke eras which saw a great activity in building schools as well as mosques, hospitals and fortifications; thus this research sheds the light on the architectural developments of Aleppo city at Islamic ages including the following axes : The first axis is dedicated to the search in the origin of naming Aleppo with this name, in which we manifested various narrations, opinions and explanations.

The second axis includes a brief summary about the history of Aleppo city and its construction.

The third axis addresses the schemes of Aleppo city at Islamic ages and the architectural fashion that characterized its mosques, castle, wall, markets and schools in addition to the developments occurred on these architectural features at Zanki, Ayubite and Mameluke eras documented by pictures and maps.

The research is ended by a conclusion including the results at which the research arrived with a list of primary references and modern sources.