تأثير الفترة الانتقالية و فترة الإعداد على بعض المتغيرات الجسمية و الفسيولوجية و البدنية للاعبي كرة القدم السعوديين تحت 19 سنة بمدينة الرياض

الملخص EN

Introduction: The purpose of this study was to examine the effect of the transition period and the preparation phase on some physiological and physical variables of Saudi soccer players under 19 years in Riyadh, which contribute to regulating periods of the season, to preserve the physical and functional gains for players.

It will also provide documented physiological and physical information's leading to a comprehensive understanding of detraining period during the transition phase (negative rest) and, as well as the preparation phase for the following season.

At last, it will determine the effect of some physiological and physical variables for the duration of both transitional period and the preparation phase.

Methods: The researcher used the semi experimental method.

The sample of study consisted of soccer players under 19 years in Riyadh, includes 25 adult males, and they selected by intentional way.

Measurements were taking three times during the sports season 2009: first before detraining, and second after detraining, and third at the end of preparation phase.

Measurements included some physical and physicalphysiological variables such weight, height and body mass index was calculated, and the thickness of the skin folds of the triceps brachial muscle and subscapular areas fat percentage was calculated, flexibility and strength of grip and quadriceps muscles of the thighs and vertical jump where anaerobic power was calculated.

In addition, some Fields tests was measured as speed of running 50 meters, BARROW test for agility, and shuttle run test to estimate the maximum oxygen consumption.

Results: The results showed statistical significantly differences between the three measurements in all variables except speed, grip force, and it was higher in the measurements before detraining, followed by the measurements at the end of preparation phase, then followed by the measurements at the end of detraining.

Players who have achieved the higher maximum oxygen consumption before detraining were better able to endure fatigue and run in shuttle run test.

Discussion: The study recommended decrease the period of detraining as in the studying sample to less than two months, in order not to increase rates of decline in physiological and physical fitness elements by detraining.

It also recommended that the period of detraining must be comfortable recreational positive activities, punctuated a moderately training program to reduce the previous declines.

Conclusions: Attention to the training programs of the preparation phase to begin early, to restore the physical fitness of players gradually before the beginning of a sports season.

This will reduce the incidence of injuries that may arise in the case of an increase in dose training intensively during preparation phase or competition games during the sports season .