تطور المحراب في العمارة الإسلامية

الملخص EN

The mihrab, one of the most important Islamic religious architecture characteristics , which came as an extension of the first sign of that was developed to determine the direction of direction of the worshipers at the first mosque built by Muslims it is that the appearance of the mihrab element current Bdalalth any so hollow architectural race, which carries the idea of cavitation is one of the most important dilemmas posed by Architecture in general and the Islamic architecture of the mosque in particular And about his name and historical origins and his appearance in this form conflicting theories among those who believe that since the era of Prophet Muhammad, peace be upon him and see that in the Umayyad era to the era of Uqba in the Mosque of Kairouan (50 AH / 670 m) or so at the bottom of the Dome of the Rock , but the most powerful of those theories and those closest to the fact that talk about Omar bin Abdul Aziz, 90 AH / 708 AD at the Prophet's mosque during his tenure on the city at the time of Walid bin Abdul Malik .

And the form of architectural original element mihrab is also an area of conflict where the ratio of the number Kbermn Orientalists religious groves previous private -Islam niche Christian church , citing the statement in the opinion of some of the top scholars direction mihrab element , with some archaeologists believe that the mihrab is the creativity of an Islamist sincere came to achieve the purposes of process more likely , such as providing spaces occupied by a row of worshipers , or the increase of reverberation or reference to the direction of direction , as well as those who see it as a symbol of the presence of God be upon him at the mosque.

Sayer evolution of the mihrab Maarafth Islamic architecture , where it is planning numerous openings decades , as numerous waterfalls cavity between the curved and ribbed , and saw a great variety of materials used between the plaster and marble porcelain, especially in terms of topics and decorative items .