الأناشيد الوطنية في مزاب : قراءة في أشعار عمر بن عيسى بلعيد البرياني

الملخص EN

North Africa experienced one among the strong colonial powers of modern epouque, Algeria Vicu 130 years of obscure occupation of French colonialism; whose people have seen all the colors of psychological and physical torture, ignerence, famine and marginalization ...

which surpassed any perception of imagination.

But indigenous resisted and pay long scrifices blood and ink repelling end of the colonizer and defend their country, their religion and their language ...

Scientists, writers and journalists have devoted their strength to spirit and eloquence.

God has granted Algeria -after a century of occupation - an elite fair and honest reformers that they have contributed to the unification of efforts, and they rolled up their sleeves to save their nation against the ravages of colonialism and move towards a new era of hardware and religious triumph.

The rise of the Reform movement in 1925 gave a shot of hope for Algeria, namely the Muslim instruction for boys and girls, that colonialism deprived them for long periods.

This reform movement has developed educational approaches and try to end the moral deterioration and all social evils, ..., these efforts resulted -despite the opprission colonial- birth of the Association of Algerian Muslim Ulama in 1931.

Its main leaders were spread throughout Algeria, as a preacher of knowledge and reform, among the most famous Imam Abdelhamid Ben Badis in Constantine (east) and Cheikh Bachir Ibrahimi Tlemcen (west) and Sheikh Ibrahim bin Omar Bayyoud to M'zab (north of Sahara) and Sheikh el Tayeb Okbi a "Nadi Attarkki" (Club of the Association of ulemas in Algiers) ...

and others.

The Ulama launched the reform, especially the reform of the spirits by preaching.

The interpretation of the Qur'an was their message to the community; they took to interpret and transmit its content, and examined their social traditions in relation to the concepts of the Quran and its information to address internal scourges by understanding the verses and their meanings, and compare it with the reality ...

Among the famous and Briants the Reform movement in the great Algerian desrt Imam Sheikh Ibrahim bin Omar Bayyoud (1899 - 1981), which established a complete scientific and intellectual renaissance Guerrara, from where it spread to other M’zab cities, and delegations of students come from all Guerrara seeking knowledge, civic and religious education.

Al-Hayat Institute has trained many generations of intellectuals and reformers, who were now partisant of the reform, the artisans of the Renaissance, the brave and loyal soldiers of the Algerian revolution; faithful builders of independent Algeria as activists in various areas ...

In addition, some Algerian Arabic newspapers have devoted pen to support reform and reformers everywhere; among these feathers that have faced the colonizer: the leader of the Arab press in Algeria; Sheikh Ibrahim bin Abou Al-Yaqdane Aissa (1888 - 1973), which he dedicated to Algiers as a journalist in supporting and defending the Muslim rite and language arab, bold face intolerable maneuver of French, anssi that its struggle against the scourges for social desenracener.

Its headquarters was a careffeur of partisans.

In the great desert chronic Reform movement were written with enthusiasm, Omar Bala'id who was an admirer of the Jihad of Imam Sheikh Ibrahim bin Omar in the field of education and instruction, the Al-Hayat Institute and admirer of journalistic work of Sheikh Abou Al-Yaqdane; the poet Omar bin IASSA Belaid of Berrianne (1880 - 1947), wrote many poems national in a critical period in the history of Algeria.

Where he excelled in poetry popularaire - called Malhoune- and succeeded by his poems memorisrer of an important part of the history and memory of his village Berrianne above and Algeria in general, and by supporting the reform movement and the efforts of reformers.

This poet has passed his youth in his village daily along with the suspicious movements of French Robber and his dark minions and spoilers; he launched a desahabier the tricks of the colonizer and his cronies in his poems full of enthusiasm and zeal on the Corporation and his country.

And when reformers ordered the creation of a formal association Berrianne in 1927, Omar Bela'id was soon to be one of its active and loyal members, and became a poet of the Reform movement Berrianne.

But as a consequence of the severity of his tone towards the colonizers and their lackeys Omar was exili, and he left the choice to reside in Algiers for twenty years ...

During the period of exile and alienation coercive it recuille has his poems in many book, called them "poems of itranger" which was printed the first part.

It will be followed by other editions- If God want all puissant-.

I choisissi to concentrate in this first episode of the poet for two reasons; First, for the poet or literary traces have been Jamis about a comprehensive study; Second, because Omar accompanied the movement of the Bayoudiste reform from day one, that's why it's columnist; hoping to spend the second episode to talk about poetic production on reform and nationalism students from Bayoudiste missions.

The theme of this research addresses the following areas, namely: - Introduction.

- Omar bin Aissa Bela'id Al- berrayani, his life and its effects.

- His social activity and his fight against French colonization.

- "Poems Al Gharib" themes and content.

- The reformist and nationalist in "Al Gharib poems." - "The visit of Dr.

Ben Djalloul to M'zab Valley" (April 1937).

- "The history of the Arab newspapers Printing “Wed Mizab” (1926-1928) and “Al-Maghrib” (1931).

- "A historical narrative on the newspaper Mizab Wadi" (1929).

- Conclusion.

- Annexes.