السنوات الرطبة و الجافة في العراق و المرتفعات و المنخفضات الجوية المرافقة لها

الملخص EN

This research aims at analyzing the lasting periods of the prevailing pressure systems on the climate of Iraq and identify the dry and wet years as well as high and low pressures accompanying them depending on the daily weather maps (GMT1200) at the level of 1000mb from (1950/1951-2015/2016) for six cycles that make 24000 maps.

The wet season was identified from October till May for six climate cycles.

The first cycle (1950-1961), the second (1961-1972), the third (1972-1983), the fourth (1983-1994), the fifth (1994-2005), the sixth (2005-2016).

Iraq faces high and low pressures during both wet and dry seasons.

The high pressures that hit Iraq during the wet season are the Siberian, the European and the semi tropical, the Mediterranean, the Sudanese and the Red Sea some of which are accompanied with rain.

In the dry season, the majority of the days are under the effect of the seasonal low pressure.

It is noted that there were 45 wet years in Mosul and Rutba and 44 years in Baghdad and Basrah during the period of the study 66 years.

It is noted also that the dry years were 22 in Mosul and Rutba and 21 in Baghdad and Basrah.

The quantity of rain is dropping in the wet years, the highest amount of change was recorded in Rutba station with (+1.41).

While in Mosul, Baghdad and Basrah it was dropping severely (-65.22, -28.2, -3.05) respectively.

It also dropped in the dry years as well where the stations of Mosul, Rutba, Baghdad and Basrah recorded an amount of change (-38.98, -20.93 -10.81, -1.98) respectively.