محمد بن الحسن الطوسي : نشأته و آثاره العلمية

الملخص EN

full name Abu Jafar Muhammad Ibn Hassan Tusi, known as Shaykh al-Taʾifah was a prominent scholar of the Twelver school of Shia Islam.

He became known as "sheikh of the sect (shaikh al-ta'ifah)," authored two of the four main Shi'i books of hadith, Tahdhib al-Ahkam and al-Istibsar, and is believed to have founded the Hawza.

He also counts as the founder of Shia jurisprudence.

He was born in Tus in Iran in 995 AD/385.

In 1018 AD/408 A.H.

His life was along with the government of Buyid dynasty.

Tusi had important role in formation and revival of Shia jurisprudence and law.

since that his time was coincidence with the burning of the great books and library, nearly he must to revive the hadith and jurisprudence in a way.

In confliction between two schools of Akhbari and Usuli, Shaykh Tusi defended of Usuli school and calls akhbari as followers of literate or literalists.

Shaykh Tusi believed in principles of jurisprudence as a fundamental knowledge in acquiring the judgments of Islam religion.