حماية المدنيين أثناء النزاعات المسلحة الداخلية في الفقه الإسلامي : دراسة تأصيلية نقدية على ضوء المادة الثالثة المشتركة بين اتفاقيات جنيف الأربعة

الملخص EN

This article aims to demonstrate the general rules based on the Qur'an and the Sunna regarding the protection of civilians during internal armed conflicts, in reference to what the jurists wrote on this subject, we particularly mention the book of Mohammed I'bn Alhassane Achaybani entitled "Assyar el Kabir" and the one of Imam el ElAouza'i "Assyar" represent two references that include the rules of international humanitarian law that the parties in conflict must respect in either domestic or international conflict, With an evaluation study of common article 3 which represents the legal basis of the principle of the protection of civilians during armed conflict not of an international character for the protection of civilians during an internal conflict has become an almost impossible task given the political considerations incompatible with the principle of sovereignty and the principle of non -interference in the internal affairs of States over the confusion that occurs when adaptation of the conflict while seeking its legal scope to see if it obeys the rules of contractual international humanitarian law or customary law only .