دور المصارف الإسلامية في تمويل رواد الأعمال برأس مال مخاطر : دراسة نقدية للممارسة المصرفية

الملخص EN

The research idea is based on verifying the performance of Islamic banks in practice and their contribution to the financing of entrepreneurs with risk capital subject to risk sharing principles.

The new research focuses on revealing the extent to which Islamic banks contribute to participatory financing based on participatory principles in sharing the results of a project, either profit or loss.

The study concluded that the importance of venture capital, where the future of the economy depends on this type of financing, where an Entrepreneur (Mudarib) is the most important element of economic factures, he is the one to whom the projected is attributed to and he is the one who finds a flaw in the market, then he transforms the flaw into project entailing products or services to add value to the economy.

However, the classical financing system does not do justice to this rare element, where financing is rejected except the profitability is assured on the strength of collaterals, leaving him alone to face headwinds of the risks, while the financier is guaranteed of a fixed contractual return.

That is the catastrophic situation of the classical financing system which discourages the financing of creative ideas and efficient projects if there is no guarantee (Creditworthiness) is made available by the applicant; Eventually, the scare resources are channeled to the less efficient enterprise and often directed towards consumer finance as the collateral is the most important criterion for granting funding.

Another dilemma in classical finance is related to justice and efficiency as well: the interest rate is a parasitic burden on enterprises; this weakens its competitive position for the high cost of production, negatively affects the level of social and economic welfare and distorts distributive justice.

This study reveals that the Islamic banks augmented their establishment by claiming to be a venture capital-based entity, which was well observed in the documents of pioneer establishers.

However, a closer look at the reality of Islamic banking practice confirms that it has not played the desired role of venture capital establishments, as their financing activities are concentrated around debt trading, the legal ambiance is also unsupportive to Islamic banks to let them play their desired role, although there is an urgent need in the Islamic world for venture capital institutions that provide financing for promising projects on the basis of Mudarabah in its jurisprudence and not on the basis of guarantees.

Thus, the study is to provide probable solutions and proposals, which are considered as renaissance by the researcher, to Islamic banks for performing their desired roles.