دراسة تقنية و اقتصادية لمقارنة إداء أنظمة مختلفة لزراعة محصول الحنطة في محافظة كركوك

الملخص EN

This study was carried out in Agricultural Research and Experiment Station at University of Kirkuk within (Saiada) area، South of Kirkuk for 2015-2016 growing season.

Aclay - loam soil texture was used to the research.

Three different factors were undertaken: Agricultural systems (Zero-Tillage، Conventional Tillage and Locally Tillage)، with two levels of forward speeds (3.61 and 5.82) km / h and seed rate (104 and 140) kg/ ha.

The results showed that the superiority of zero-tillage system to achieve the best values for each of seed emergence rate، number of grains per spike، 1000-Grain weight and grain yield with (87.31%، 33.16، 30.78 g and 1764.25 kg / ha) respectively.

While conventional tillage system achieved best values for each of slippage percentage، practical productivity and draft power were recorded (8.251%، 1.035 ha/ h and 5.898 kw) respectively.

Speed factor was impact on some properties in which first speed with (3.61) km/ h was significantly flounced (slippage percentage، draft power, seed emergence rate and 1000-Grain weight) which illustrated (8.039%, 4.342 kW, 84.87% and 30.35 g) respectively.

However، second speed (5.82) km/ h showed best values for practical productivity (1.071) ha/ h، number of grains per spike (32.11) and grain yield (1519.94) kg/ ha.

For seed rate، the best result showed the number of grains per spike and 1000-Grain weight (32.27 and 30.68 g) was achieved in (104) kg/ ha while the (140) kg / ha seed rate indicated the best value for slippage percentage، practical productivity, draft power, seed emergence rate and grain yield (9.128% ,0.877 ha/ h , 6.266 kw , 84.51% and 1543.88 kg/ ha ) respectively.

The result of the interactions between three factors showed the superiority of zero-tillage system to achieve the highest net profit, especially when speed was (5.82) km/ h with a (140) kg/ ha seed rate was recorded a value of (972958.3) ID/ ha.