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الملخص EN

Education is one of the serious issues that are related to the existence of the individual and community, and it is considered as a principle key factor to form people and to build civilization.

The philosopher who was interested in this field is Bertrand Russell.

He demonstrates that are three educational theories throughout the history of mankind.

The first theory is the negative education which works to create opportunities and eliminate backwardness.

The second focuses on the cognitive side of the child, and the aim of the third theory is the formation of good citizens.

Both the traditional educational system and the modern one may inevitably lead to either an obedient citizen, or rebellious individual, and will certainly produce either chaos or tyranny.

Therefore, it paves the way for the foundation of an education based on freedom and according to certain guidelines.