معالم عدن الإسلامية في ما بين القرنين السابع و العاشر الهجريين : المدارس التاريخية أنموذجا

الملخص EN

This research through a light on old religious and educational institutions such as mosques, schools, leagues, and others in Aden, and their role in the cultural and social life in the specified period.

*Quoting specimens of these old mosques, schools and Islamic leagues.

*Highlighting the role of these religious and educational institutions in the graduation of high level scientific cadres and their role in the cultural and social life etc.

*Development of intellectual, cultural and scientific movement in these schools and their reaction in the society .

*Appearance of efficient judges and scholars in these schools who wrote scientific books which enriched the Yemeni library at that time, and formed a part of the educational curricula.

*These graduates , including judges and jurists, in view of their high characters and high level sincerity, education and fear of conscience, participated in taking up administrative and financial responsibilities in Aden and other places.

*These institutions were interested in traditional and intellectual sciences in particular, like astronomy, algebra, request, comparison and music.

They became specialized colleges.

*Close ethnical correlation among all religious and educational institutions in the whole Yemeni homeland.

*Influences of Aden school on Hadhrmaaut school, as an example.

*The juristic books which were compiled by jurists of these schools to deal with subjects with particular significance, for example “ Appendix on classes of Alshafiyah for Al asnawi, by the scholar Abdulla Ben Ahmed Bamakhramah, which dealt with subjects related to Portugese piracy in the southern coasts, particularly Aden and Hadhramaut.

*In this period Aden had become a scientific center.

It did not engage only in trade, but also in culture and education.

* A large number of scholars came from inside and outside to study in its schools , and to settle, and trade in its markets.

Aden had become at that time a prosperous trading market and trading port which received ships from all parts of the world.

*Regulations were applied and complied with by judges, jurists, scholars, teachers, and regulation and law breakers were brought to account, and seized, jailed and tortured.

*The graduates of these institutions participated in social life.

For example they took up responsibility for tax trusts, ports, and repelled invaders and all forms of corrupts.