الترجمة في الدولة العثمانية

الملخص EN

translation has played a very important role in establishing and improving the diplomatic and commercial relations among countries since the oldest ages.

But When ottoman state was in its top power and development during its first eras, it didn't concern about translation cooperation, it only felt satisfied about what it had from its citizens from translators who were Italian, Greek, Dutch, Hungarian and polish origins.

The translation service in the imperial's divan was officially established during the regime of sultan Mohammed Alfateh (855 H – 886 H / 1451 AC – 1481 AC).

The translation movement in that time has contributed to many fields like history , arts , culture , philosophy, medicine, engineering, astrounomy, literature, Geography and in military fields.

Beside the imperial's divan translators, there were districts' divan translators, districts courts' translators, navy's translators, foreigner embassies and consulates translators.

During ottoman state's declension time, the state has employed the orthodox Romans who know the European languages and the European countries in the translation cooperation.

Although the services which Romans translators who worked in the imperial's divan gave and their loyalty, but some of them were under French and sometimes Russian control, the translators sold them ottoman state's secrets, so the state punished them by pain of death.

In 1237H – 1821 Ac the imperial's divan translation service was turned into the Sublime Porte's translation office.

This office stayed until 1243H – 1833 AC as a routine office with 3 – 4 employers working at it.

But with the developing of diplomatic relations the need to employers who know foreign languages appeared, this need was the main reason to increase the importance of translation office.

During the era of performs the translation office's employers numbers increased to become 33 person.

The most important performs in translation office was done in 1273H – 1856 AC.

The office's employers were working daily on French language, rights, international law, geography , history , calligraphy, mathematics and newspapers translation.

That is all beside the English language which the need to it was increased with the start of Dwarf war which was happened in the same year.

The translation office has became like foreign languages school beside its work in translation.

The translation office has included a library contained valuable books in all languages.

In 1301 H – 16th of April 1883 the translation office was organized as translation offices and translation papers and a new working statement for employer has been done.

In 1306 H – 1888 AC the employers number was increased to reach 75 employers.

The translation office has contined its work until the fail of the ottoman state.