إرهاصات الدرس البلاغي في صحيفة بشر بن المعتمر : دراسة وصفية مقارنة

الملخص EN

Rhetoric is a broad science that extends to many sciences, so some researchers like to call it an empire of rhetoric, It is divided into three sciences, each of them has many discussions, and is intertwined with the other two sciences, as well as other Arab sciences nearby.

Therefore, the researcher faces problems at the conceptual, semantic and local levels, and this study Treat one of those problems.

Therefore, for all science has its beginnings and endings and between them are several stages,passing it sequentially and taking each other, and can not understand this science well understood only by taking note of those stages and understanding its nature, and the relationship between them; Therefore - for example - can not understand the functional rules of grammar - a good understanding - or at least easily - Without knowing the fundamentals of grammar, because understanding the nature and composition of the thing helps to understand the function.

The same is true for the science of rhetoric, because it is not possible to understand the rhetorical rules of various types quickly and forcefully, but to start from a solid knowledge base that paves the way for that understanding.

This is not only the history of rhetoric that discovers to the reader the process of this science and its successive stages of development; in the modern era, there have appeared some books Pave the way for the emergence of the science of the history of rhetoric that has been taught in some Arab universities.

This is an analytical descriptive study of Beshr ibn al-Mu'ammar newspaper, one of the most famous linguists in the second century of migration, I was keen to study it for two reasons.

The first is the scientific value of this newspaper in the field of rhetoric and criticism in particular and literature in general, despite its small size.

The second is the lack of interest among the researchers, not to mention junior students.

Because it was not contained in an independent book, but it is included in the book of Albayan wa Tabyin of Aljahiz.

This study aims to answer the following questions: Is newspaper of Beshr ibn al-Mu'ammar really the basis of the rhetorical lesson? If so, what are these Foundations? And what is the proof of that from the rhetorical lesson? I have followed the descriptive approach to describe and analyse newspaper text, and the comparative approach to compare it by the rhetorical lesson later.

The main and major result of this study was that despite the many stages of Arab rhetoric that followed the emergence stage in the two eras: the Jahili and the Islamic: the stage of systematic studies with Ibn al-Mu'taz, then the stage of prosperity with Abdul Qahir al-Jarjani, and finally the completion stage with the Sakaki; the stages did not overlook the rhetorical issues posed by Bishr bin al-Mu'ammar in his newspaper; this is a strong indication of the constant scientific value of this newspaper.