الأبعاد الاجتماعية لزيادة عدد الإناث في الكليات الطبية : دراسة ميدانية في كلية طب جامعة بغداد و الجامعة المستنصرية

الملخص EN

The medical profession is considered one of the best professions because of its human value and prestige; the societies require specialized medical staff in many fields in order to advance their development.

This needs to encourage the various members of society both male and female to reach universities and study medicine, which is one of the important indicator to measure the development of peoples and progress through the provision of various medical services and developed to maintain the safety of the individual and mental and physical capabilities.

Iraq is one of the developing countries seek to maintain the scientific status as other countries, but social and security instability result in decline in the medical staff and lack of important medical specialties.

It is assumed that graduates of medical colleges, male and female in Iraqi universities, to fill the shortage of medical staff in hospitals, the researcher noted that there is a disparity in the number of graduates of medical schools, an increase in the proportion of females to males, after the proportion of males was higher since the establishment Medical colleges and until the beginning of this century The researcher worked on this case to discuss the factors and reasons for this phenomenon and the social impacts of it.

The study based on a closed questionnaire with 16 statements discussed the reasons that related to this phenomenon.

The researcher found that there are many factors caused the increase in the number of females in medical colleges over the past few years.

The most important of these factors are the granting of equal opportunities in admission based on the rate obtained by the student, while there was preference for males before 2003 because of the circumstances .The absence of women working in remote areas, the lack of medical staff working in the main hospitals at night, and the limited financial income, which is not commensurate with the long working hours, this cause the reluctance of males to apply for medical studies and provided more seats for accepting females,but what drives women to do so is their feeling that the profession is more satisfying to their value in society.

The other factors and reasons that we have proposed have been less important, including social and cultural values that limit female activity and allow more time for females to study as well as the social restrictions on the female and reduce their opportunities to emigrate and study outside the country and the increase in the proportion of females in the community in general has been reflected in the increase of women in medical schools.

As for the social impacts resulting from the continued reluctance of males to study medicine, the society will experience a deficit in some specialties, especially surgery, and increase the burden of work on females to fill this deficit.

Women may not be able to work in all specialties because of their physical, And the nature of society may not prefer to the feminine in some surgical specialties, which have traditionally been male competence and with the growing shortage in some specialties will resort to some patients to treatment outside Iraq, which cost the patient large sums and adversely affect the reputation of medicine In Iraq and on skill Of the Iraqi doctor, and that the increase in the number of Iraq's population and the continuing exodus of doctors because of the abuse and lack of seriousness of the government to solve this problems, this will deteriorate in medical services in Iraq .