عزل و تشخيص الفطريات المسببة لتعفن الفاكهة و الخضراوات و دراسة قدرتها على إنتاج إنزيمات محللة للجدر

الملخص EN

The objective of this study was to isolate a potential fungi and characterize it from local markets fruits and vegetables during the period between October 2013 to March 2014 , 22 fungal strains were isolated as follow Alternaria alternata , three species of Aspergillus sp.

Cephalosporium sp.

, Cladosporium sp., Colletotrichum sp., Curvularia lunata , Epicoccum sp., two species of Fusarium spp., Geotrichum sp., Macrophomina phaseolina , Penicillium sp., Pythium sp., Rhizoctonia solani, Rhizopus stolonifer, Stemphylium sp., Trichoderma harzianum and Trichothecium sp.

.

A.alternata and Penicillium sp.

were most frequents during October ,November, December and January while Penicillium was most frequents during February and March.

Observations showed that fungal species were significantly differed for their ability to produse Pectinase , Cellulase and Amylase .

Curvularia lunata , Fusarium sp., Penicillium sp., Rhizoctonia solani , Stemphylium, were produced the three enzymes while Fusarium oxysporum, Macrophomina phaseolina and Colletorichum sp., produced both Pectinase and Cellulase , Cladosporium sp., was predicted to be not produce of the three enzymes Macrophomina phaseolina predicted to be fungus to record highest activity for Pectinase test , low activity was recorded for Pectinase test with Alternaria alternata all isolated fungi showed positive response to Cellulase with one exeption Cladosporium sp., highest activity for cellulase by Fusarium solani .

Rhizoctonia solani recorded highest activity for amylase while Stemphylium sp.

was the lowest.