مشكلة الاستقراء و معيار العلم بين رايشنباخ و بوبر : دراسة مقارنة

الملخص EN

The inductive approach as one of the most important platforms for scientific research, research methodology is the way of gaining knowledge or is aware of thinking of mankind, both old primitive and its attempts to understand the universe and life, and connection of these attempts did not stop where she participated when the peoples of the various species overtime and space, was the balance of its heritage and its attempts to important human participants, have developed means of gaining knowledge and research methods of human evolution with time and the benefit of each phase voltage predecessor then goes moonlights as a step on the road.

And has developed a Greece through the use of pampering mental logical - and alone - a method excellent for the discovery of the intellectual, has helped this method to add an enormous wealth of human knowledge, but the progress made by Greece in the fields of engineering and natural sciences did not include the use and application of scientific experiment, because the approach based on experience Scientific but has not started since the sixteenth century in Europe.

We've found after investigation he was not aware without approach, and the extrapolation method of natural science in all its forms, and this knowledge the strength of our civilization material present, which prompted me to make the "induction" as the theme of the search without the other other approaches as the method requires the researcher Note phenomena, sensory, and hold When the experiments in order to facilitate the disclosure of what the relations between them necessary fixed, and then put the flag of public laws that explain the phenomena studied by the disclosure of the ills that require the presence and the results that arise therefrom.

We started our research has delivered an overview of the inductive approach and its origins and types of development through the presentation of a historical inductive approach, bearing in mind the chronological order, we concluded that contemporary studies reveal a clear interest in the problem of induction.

The problem is, in essence, has not definitively resolved, and the theories of probability did not provide a good basis could be invoked to solve the problem.

So we found Loqicaly and philosophers of turning again to address the problem of induction as one of the most important problems for the natural sciences.

Therefore, we tried to focus on the problem of induction when Reichenbach and criticisms made by Karl Popper to him.

The reason for our choice of these two figures Donna about the characters other contemporary dealing with curriculum extrapolation search: is, if we look at the positions of the contemporary addressed the problem of induction research we can distinguish the two positions of which endanger the views of the distinct, first position is represented by Hans Reichenbach and the second is represented by Karl Popper.

Where we find that Karl Popper denied the extrapolation method and several futile it is not a principle to explain the natural laws have been attacked this belief Reichenbach.

We shall take up these positions compared to an analytical study of the stand to take all of them and discern how to view the problem of induction, we have developed by Hans Reichenbach and Karl Popper for the historical precedence.