تقصي انتشار الأمراض الفيروسية و شبيهاتها على أشجار اللوزيات في سورية

الملخص EN

A survey for virus and virus-like infections of stone fruits in Syria was conducted during 2000-2001.

A total of 1337 samples (444 apricot, 283 peach, 246 sweet cherry, 222 almond and 142 plum trees) collected from 7 governorates; 55 private orchards, four gene-banks collections and four mother blocks were tested by ELISA, dot-blot hybridization, herbaceous and woody indicator plants: GF 305 and P.

serrolata cv.

Kwanzan.

Results showed that 12.79% of tested samples were found to be infected at least with one virus.

Virus infection in peach, sweet cherry, almond, apricot and plum trees was found to be 24.0, 16.26, 13.51, 5.86 and 4.93%, respectively.

Prunus necrotic ring spot virus was the most wide-spread, Prune dwarf, Apple chlorotic leaf spot, Plum pox (one infected sample) and Apple mosaic (one infected sample) viruses were less frequent, their incidences were 6.28, 3.96, 2.39, 0.08 and 0.08%, respectively.

The highest incidence of viral infection was recorded in genebank collections (21.78% of tested trees), whereas, incidence was comparable in collected samples from private orchards with mother blocks (9.86 and 8.09%, respectively).

Hop stunt viroid (HSVd) in apricot, and Peach latent mosaic viroid (PLMVd) in peach samples were recorded for the first time in Syria, and their incidence was 62.5 and 39.6%, respectively.

Key words: Dot-blot hybridization, ELISA, stone fruits, viroid, virus, Syria.