منظور المتكلمين للفلسفة الطبيعية و بنية العالم المادي

الملخص EN

This research tackles the AL-Mutakallirnin's view of nature as a totality of bodies and accidents.The subject of natural philosophy is the material structure of the world, it's modes and qualities , and in this scheme lay the criter- ion by which they are distinguished between body and atom .

From our analysis of the relationship between bodies and accidents , we can make following conclusions: 1.

The Mut'tazilah asserted existence of the universal in the external world and the Asha’rites negated it.

2, The accidents are the equal to the Aristotelian from and quality.

3- Al- Mutakallimmin's views of accidents were the gen- eral philosophical solution of the question concerning of the relationship between God and the created world.

4- In the solution of that question arose two tendencies, one of them gave nature a relative independence, while’ the proponents of other tendency denied the causality in world, which they attribute its existence and life, completely, to the prime cause.