هجرة الأزد قبل الإسلام

الملخص EN

The Arabic Peninsula is regarded as the first source of the immigration of Arabic tribes throughout long historical periods of time.

It provided the area of the Fertile Crescent and the regions to the east and west of the Arabic Peninsula with many groups of tribes.

As it is known, every immigration has its own reasons which make a group of people leave their place of birth and move to another area.

Such a thing was quite difficult for an Arab who could not easily leave his place of birth and reside in a new region unless the circumstances were so difficult.

Throughout history, all reasons of immigration have been primarily due to the factors of the climate and its change and in such a way that noticeable harm was done to the tribe on the economic level to the extent it was obliged to search for a new place.

The reason may also be political or social side by side with the increase in the population which made a certain place no longer enough for their living.

Al-Uzd which is considered a large tribe of many sub-tribes resided throughout history in many regions of the Arab land for the reasons already mentioned.

In addition to the reasons referred to, the area of Ma'rab was exposed to some serious events, the most important of which was the collapse of tira'rab Dam many times, mainly its collapse by Al-’Iram Flow which scattered Saba'.

This event is mentioned in Holy Quran, Saba' Sura.

References mention that Al-Uzd and Tai were residina near al- Jawf area.

They thought of migrating to other areas.

Once, they went for a period of time and lived in Himyar area, the western part of for a period of time and lived in Himyar area, the western part of Yemen, but it did not suit their cattle and elephants due to its mountains.

Hence, they thought of crossing Al-Suraat mountains to the north.

Some of them remained in Al-Suraat.

They were Uzd Saanoo’a.

Others moved to the north; a group of which stayed in Mecca and were called Khuzaa'a who controlled Mecca for some time.

Another group inhahabited Yathrib.

They were' Al-Aws and Khazraj.

A third group went on traveling to Al-Sham.

They were Al- Ghasaasina who eastablished a state there.

A fourth group settled in Oman, Al-Yamaama and Al-Bahrain while some of them came to Iraq.

The rest remained in Yemen and did not migrate.

Al-Uzd played a great role in Pre- and Post- Islamic Arab history.